Table 1 Chemical-mineralogical components and physical-mechanical values of selected bedding and pointing mortars from the Ming Great Wall
Sample Province Location name | Mortar type | Chemical Composition (Wt.-%) | Component | Aggregate/Grain size distribution | Water absorption | Bulk density | Lime-type | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Orig. binder | B/Aa) | B/Ab) | Hydraul. compon. (binder) | CaO | MgO | Main components | Ancillary components | Main Minerals | Mesh size (mm) through fraction (wt.%) | Wt.-% | Vol% | g/cm3 | (DIN-EN*) | ||
Hebei Simatai SMT | bedding mortar | 94.68 | 1: 0.05 | 1: 0.07 | < 0.1 | 31.73** | 20.76 ** | CaCO3, MgCO3 | CaCO3 (aragonite) SiO2 (quartz) | quartz | 0.063-47% 0.125-72% 0.25-84% 0.5-100% | 19.47 | 33.32 | 1.72 | DL 80-30 |
Hebei Jiang maoyu JMY | bedding mortar | 97.66 | 1: 0.02 | 1: 0.05 | 1.4 | 30.36 | 15.52 | CaCO3, Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2*4H2O (hy-dromagne-site), MgCO3 | CaCO3 (aragonite) SiO2 (quartz) | quartz, silicates (bricks) feldspars, mica, coal | 0.063-68% 0.125-89% 0.25-100% | 17.63 | 29.81 | 1.69 | DL90-30 |
Shanxi Xinguangwu XGWD | bedding mortar | 82.53 | 1: 0.17 | 1: 0.19 | 3.52 | 49.81 | 1.06 | CaCO3 | SiO2 (quartz) CaSO4·2H2O (gypsum) | quartz, coal | 0.063-48% 0.125-66% 0.25-85% 0.5-100% | 42.32 | 48.95 | 1.16 | CL80 |
Shanxi Xinguangwu XGWF | pointing mortar | 81.66 | 1: 0.18 | 1: 0.15 | 5.98 | 49.39 | 1.26 | CaCO3 | CaCO3 (ara-gonite) Al2SiO5 (cya-nite), SiO2 (quartz)CSH? | quartz, silicates (bricks) feldspars, mica, coal | 0.063-55% 0.125-80% 0.25-93% 0.5-100% | 44.58 | 49.58 | 1.11 | NHL 2/CL80 |