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Table 6 Residents’ perceptions of the impacts of tourism

From: Heritage tourism evolution in Guangfu Ancient City, Hebei Province, China: an analysis with the improved creative destruction model

Statement

Mean score

Standard deviation

Economic

 Improves personal income

4.042

0.516

 Increases employment opportunities

3.958

0.568

 Improves residents’ living standard

3.930

0.454

 Increases prices of land and commodities

3.775

0.481

Environmental

 Protects historic and cultural heritage

4.127

0.626

 Beautifies the living environment

4.056

0.603

 Improves public infrastructure

3.930

0.539

 Leads to traffic jams

3.662

0.649

 Leads to overcrowding

2.831

0.964

 Increases noise pollution

3.014

0.957

 Leads to inconvenience

1.535

0.689

 Increases public safety issues

3.310

0.849

Sociocultural

 Raises awareness of Guangfu Ancient City

4.254

0.549

 Preserves Guangfu Ancient City

4.183

0.589

 I am proud to be a resident of Guangfu

4.211

0.472

Overall

 Positive impacts of developing tourism outweigh negative impacts

3.775

0.735

 I support further tourism development in Guangfu

3.872

1.048